Grendel and Frankenstein Essay

Grendel, the main character in the novel Grendel by John Gardner, and the Monster, the main character in the novel Frankenstein by Mary Shelley are both consumed by the desire to discover the nature and secret of human life. They are both monsters and so both are outsiders in the world of humans, but they try to integrate themselves into the society, only to be shunned universally. Their nature of monstrosity lies at the center of the action since they are being rejected by the society. Their response to this rejection paves the way to the discovery of human nature. Grendel the monster has an ambiguous characterization. Although he displays nothing but the most primitive human qualities with the strong evidence of his irrational outburst of emotions and brutalities, he has an extraordinary inquisitive nature with his capability of temperament and rational thoughts. Shelley’s Monster in the Frankenstein has also a temperament and benevolent nature but as he experienced man’s brutalities and judgmental nature due to his ugly physical appearance, his violent tendencies has been revealed. He starts to take revenge in his creator who is scientifically responsible to his existence and unfortunate fate. Shelley’s monster unlike Grendel is not presented ambiguously since he is only in search of happiness through companionship while Grendel is in search to answer his philosophical question whether human life and created patterns have meaning at all. During his younger years in the initial part of the novel, Grendel spends his life innocently, exploring his confined world in the caves with his mother, untroubled by the outside world of philosophical questions. I understood that the world was nothing: a mechanical chaos of casual, brute enmity on which we stupidly impose our hopes and fears. I understood that, finally and absolutely, I alone exist. All the rest, I saw, is merely what pushes me, or what I push against, blindly—as blindly as all that is not myself pushes back (Howell 67). Grendel in this statement initially sees the world as mindless without any discernible plan and reason. He believes any attempt to make a meaning or pattern in the world is a misguided effort. But one day, the young Grendel finds himself in a lake full of fire snakes, and he swims through it until he reaches the human world and civilization on the other side. Grendel’s inevitable decision to cross the lake is the start of his life towards adulthood. He starts to observe the world of men. Grendel finds the nature and lifestyle of men as pleasurable and enjoyable experience. Shelley’s monster on the other hand reveals his good side in the initial part of his existence but as he discovers the judgmental side of human being, who judges according to physical appearance, he starts to rebel putting all the blame to his creator. Grendel and Shelley’s monster, though both has monstrous nature and though both experience man’s brutality due to the fact that they are monsters, perceive human life differently. Grendel sees the world with fascination while Shelley’s monster perceives the world with contempt. Grendel is fascinated and at the same time envies how has mankind successfully evolved from a nomadic and tribal culture into a culture of obligations as they create government and institutions due to their continuous desire for material prosperity. He admires the intellectual capability of men and marvels at how they create roads, military, and government. Grendel therefore inevitably thinks whether life has meaning or not and whether human actions and efforts are senseless or meaningful. Since he cannot form philosophical ideas that explain his observations of human life, he decides that human efforts and created patterns are wasteful. Moreover, Grendel decides that it does not matter whether he will eat or kill people. But through his observations of Hrothgar of the Dane, the most powerful king of the area who sings about men’s glorious life and history, Grendel starts to perceive that human life is so rich that he wants to be a part of it. Grendel conspicuously wants to be part of human life. He believes that he can understand the nature of human beings more than he understands the monsters in the deep cave. Grendel delights in humans’ sense of community, intellectuality and their illusionary perspective towards life. Grendel sees that he belongs in human community because like him human beings are in continuous search of meaning. Shelley’s monster on the other hand who is product of collaborative scientific work and supernatural workings and who is strongly rejected by the society, approaches his situation with contempt. His monstrosity is not only reflected in his grotesque appearance but also in his dark tendencies to be evil after he is rejected. The dragon in the story, however, tells Grendel that the human world is actually meaningless and empty. The dragon has a logical belief that nothing man creates—religion, government, literature, poetry, philosophy, and so on—will survive the destruction of time and therefore approaches all man’s endeavors as something pointless and ridiculous. In addition, the dragon insists that Grendel can take and eat whatever he wants since morality is pointless anyway. Grendel sees the logic of this belief, but part of him yearns for men’s appealing endeavors and pursuits. Grendel wants to escape his brute and mechanical place in the caves that follow no meaningful and universal pattern. The animals and monsters that surround him in cave are dumb and undignified, and this continually frustrates him. However, the concept of community, civilization, and human language that share a common meaning in the human world somehow comforts Grendel. Grendel wants to be part of the human world even though he will be forever trapped in the role of a villain. Although Grendel knows that the beautiful concepts like religion, philosophy, government, and so on are just human projections to overcome their chaotic world, he still wants to be part of it. Apparently, Grendel is torn between his mother’s very animalistic nature, the generally moral and humane world of the Danes and the seemingly logical beliefs of the old Dragon. Grendel is stranded on what he knows to be true and what he wishes is true. However, these differing and conflicting philosophies leave Grendel confused and angry throughout his violent and isolated life in the novel. Grendel and Shelley’s monster are both lonely in the same manner but in different situation. Grendel has a family in the deep cave but he can not accept their totally animalistic and undignified nature, who solely satisfies themselves in physical survival alone and not in intellectual growth. Apparently, Grendel is ashamed in his lineage. The monster in Shelley’s novel on the other hand is the only one of its kind. He is literally alone. His simple desire is to have a companion, someone who will understand his grotesqueness. But nonetheless they both desire to be part of human life even though humans detest and fear them. Both monsters see themselves in human beings– they have the capacity to be good and to be evil. Moreover, human beings has the possibility to satisfy their desire not to be alone. Unlike Grendel, the character of the monster in the novel Frankenstein is not torn between differing philosophies but instead his actions are motivated by revenge because human beings base their treatment on him according to his physical grotesqueness and ugliness and not on his initial gentle and kind nature. His ugly outward appearance is rewarded by beatings and disgust. As he tries to integrate himself in the society, he is shunned universally. Thus, the monster seeks revenge on Victor for making him so hideous and rendering him permanent loneliness because of his ugliness. However, the monster offers Frankenstein peace in exchange for a companion of like origin, but when Frankenstein does not follow, he vows to destroy him and so begins killing off Frankenstein’s intimate friends and loved ones—the people the monster most envies because he does not have them. When Victor dies due to remorse and disillusionment, the monster feels both joy and sadness—joy because Victor is the very cause of his suffering, and sadness because his creator is the only person with whom he has had any sort of relationship. â€Å"I, the miserable and the abandoned, am an abortion, to be spurned at, and kicked, and trampled on†, this statement from the monster as he sees his creator died reflects his retrospection to his suffering and aloneness (Shelley 268) . He is like an aborted child, left and unloved. The monster is feverishly created or fashioned by Victor Frankenstein who studied natural philosophy and chemistry, immersed himself in research, and became eventually consumed by the desire to discover the secret of human life—out of old body parts. After seeing and realizing the monstrosity he has created, Victor flees as the sight of his creation strongly horrifies him. Victor runs and wanders in the streets with remorse. He immediately perceives his creation as a purely evil being and therefore establishes an unmitigated hatred for it. When Victor returns to his apartment, the monster is gone. Victor is apparently the one responsible in the existence of the monster and the society as the one who provoke the monster’s evil tendencies. In the story of Grendel on the other hand, the shaper and the dragon are the one who provoke Grendel’s philosophical quest towards human life. The dragon, who provides the impression of the world as essentially meaningless and empty, and the shaper, who provides an image of the world as essentially connected and purposeful-an image that Grendel finds incredibly seductive, motivates Grendel’s actions on earth, whether good or bad. Apparently, the novel centrally illustrates the corrupting effects of man’s pursuit of knowledge and modern technology. Frankenstein, the main character of the story, created life from dead parts in his desire to help mankind conquer diseases and death, but when he finally finished the act of creation and saw its implications and ugliness, he turned away from the monstrosity he created. Hence, this novel basically demonstrates the horrifying effects of the careless use of science. In many ways, the book reflects the era when it was written—the period of Industrial Revolution during the 18th century, when major initial and dramatic changes took place in science and technology. While the novel Grendel subtly reflects the world during the period of Romanticism– where people are in the period of intense philosophical quest and when poetic and artful words and stories are powerful. In the story, Grendel finds Shaper’s art, language and imagination so seductive that he wants to be part of it. The stories he hears are tried to be applied—philosophy, government and poetry—and therefore he is affected not only by stories and words he hears, but also by stories that exist outside his own experience. In the novel Frankenstein, Shelley seems to stress the limits of human capacity. She gives the readers an idea about the extent of human ignorance in terms of man’s relationship with his creator. The character of Frankenstein in this novel is dominated by the power of human reason through technology and science instead of faith in God. When one believes in the existence of a Supreme Being, he or she is likely to recognize the limitations of human nature. However, in this novel, Frankenstein attempted to create a human being that is better than the existing creation: â€Å"He wanted to find the secrets of life so that all people could live without fear of death†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Shelley 7). Thus, this story somehow illustrates some of the shortcomings of the contemporary world in the midst of modernity in science. Although Shelley considers the fact that scientific experiments are for the sake of humanity, these experiments have the potential to destroy them as well. Hence, through the novel, Shelley shows that, by being ignorant of the consequences of creating something new and superior, the entire race may be jeopardized and be destroyed by the same creation. Frankenstein’s process of creation contrasts with God’s creative and redemptive process of creation. In the novel Grendel however focuses not so much on physical creation but on the philosophical aspect of human life. It explores the question whether â€Å"created patterns† has meaning at all. Does the meaning comes from the execution and its effects or does it completely lie on how people perceive its meaning? In addition to the novel Frankenstein, the author highlights the incompetence of humans in attempting to play â€Å"God. † Human’s knowledge is sometimes used that will destroy them eventually in the end. For instance, Frankenstein’s arrogance in playing â€Å"God† for his attempt to create life resulted in the death of his friends and family. This caused him to be consumed in grief and guilt as he endured the terrible loss of friends and family who died by his own hands. The story of â€Å"Frankenstein† can be read as a timeless tale of warning. Like Frankenstein, some contemporary scientists make it their goal and purpose to study and understand the unknowable and to improve our standards of living. However, critical foresight and moral considerations are more significant than faith in science. The novel is a perfect illustration of how a scientist should not be. Knowledge affects humanity in a more complex way. Human miseries and life’s complexities can be caused by humans’ obsession in the pursuit and application of knowledge. Shelley in this novel seems to highlight modernity as an apparent political and social attitude during the time of industrialization where science was attempting to unconsciously alter the traditional way of living. Grendel novel however strongly highlights how language and poetic words affects human pattern of thoughts. When Grendel comes to the world, he is torn with opposing ideas whether life is meaningful or senseless. Both the character of Frankenstein and the Monster , considering their actions in the course of the novel, are symbols of darkness, chaos, and death. Though both Grendel and Frankenstein committed numerous acts of violence and cruelty in the stories, the writers manage to elicit sympathy from the readers that leads the readers to consider them as heroes. The writers portray them as both victims who only want and desire companionship and community that human beings experienced. Both writers present their main characters as monsters but with the same need as that of men. Work Cited: Howell, John Michael. Understanding John Gardner. California: Univ of South Carolina Press, 1993 Shelley, Mary Wollstonecraft. Frankenstein: Or, The Modern Prometheus. New York: Plain Label Books, 2002

Market Research on Havells India Ltd, Bangalore

A Report on Organization Study at HAVELLS INDIA LTD Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of Bangalore University for the Award of the Degree of MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION By SACHIN MANJALEKAR REG NO: 10SKCMA053 Under the Guidance of Prof Acharya Institute of Management & Sciences 1st Cross, 1st Stage, Peenya Industrial Area Bangalore – 560 058 2010 – 2012 DECLARATION I, Sachin Manjalekar, hereby declare that this the organization Study Report titled, MAREKT ANALYSIS ON PURCHASING PATTERN OF DEALERS ON HAVELLS PRODUCTS is based on the organization study by me under the guidance of Prof This report has not been submitted earlier for the award of any other degree / diploma by Bangalore University or any other University. Place: Bangalore Date: Sachin Manjalekar CERTIFICATE FROM THE GUIDE Certified that this Organization Study Report titled MARKET ANALYSIS ONPURCHASING PATTERN OF DEALERS ON HAVELLS PRODUCTS is Based on an original organization study conducted by SACHIN MANJALEKAR Of III Semester MBA under my guidance. This report has not formed the basis for the award of any other degree / Diploma by Bangalore University or any other University. Place: Bangalore Prof Shweta . M Date: Professor – MBA Acharya Institute of Management and Sciences 1st Cross, Peenya I stage, Bangalore – 560058 CERTIFICATE Certified that this Organization Study Report titled MARKET ANALYSIS ON PURCHASING PATTERN OF DEALERS ON HAVELLS PRODUCT’S is based On the study conducted by SACHIN MANJALEKAR of III Semester MBA under the guidance of Prof. This report is based on the original study undergone and has not formed the basis for the award of any other degree/diploma by Bangalore University or any other University. Prof Shweta. M Dr. Kerron. G. Reddy Professor – MBA CEO and Principal Place: Bangalore Place: Bangalore Date: Date: Acknowledgement The toughest of endeavors in the world is not possible without the support of a helping hand which guides and motivates a person to take on any challenge head on. Inputs from such helping hands are always like very essential because more often or not certain mistakes which go unnoticed from our eyes. I am thankful to Dr. Kerron G Reddy, Principal and CEO of Acharya Institute of Management and Sciences, who had provided all the required facilities to carry out the dissertation project work and nurturing my skills to execute the requirements. I am heartily thankful to my guide Prof , Acharya Institute of Management and Sciences, whose encouragement, guidance and support from the initial to the final level enabled me to develop an understanding of the subject. I offer my regards and blessings to all my Professors of AIMS who supported me in any respect during the completion of the dissertation project. Last but not the least I thank my dear parents, teachers and friends who have been source of support, strength, inspiration and encouragement for whatever I am today. CHAPTER CONTENTS Page No. CHAPTER 1 Profiles Opening lines 1. 1Introduction 1. 2Industry Profile 1. 3Company profile 1. 4Products Profile 1. 5Competitors Profile CHAPTER 2Organization Structure CHAPTER 3Functional Departments Opening lines 3. 1 3. 2 3. 3†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. CHATPER 4SWOT Analysis CHAPTER 5Ethical / Best Practices / Policies in the organisation CHAPTER 6 Findings, Suggestions & Conclusion Bibliography & Annexure Special Task †¢Introduction †¢Statement of problem †¢objectives †¢Research Methodology †¢Analysis & Interpretation of data INTRODUCTION Industry which I have taken to do my summer internship is an Electrical industry, were their products are sold to both customers and Industrial customer segment. Products like Switchgears, Motors, Fans and wires etc†¦In this internship I have choose to do Market Analysis of on purchasing patterns of Havells products . I conducted my market research on Electrical dealers at Chikpet ,Balepet , I V K Iyengar Road of Bangalore. This Report gives the detail of purchasing pattern of 30 dealers, where they sell various different company products other than Havells like Anchor, Philips, Crompton Greaves, Polycab etc. I have mainly focused my market research on Havells products and dealers who purchase Havells products. 1 . 2 INDUSTRY PROFILE The Indian Electrical/Electronics Industry is slowly emerging like every other industry sector in India. Over the past fifty years there was no exposure to global players and competition, with the result that the Industry grew up in a sheltered environment, dependent on the Government for everything, from licenses to protection to tariffs. Each one of these interventions was aimed at securing protection for oneself and ensuring growth of one’s own organization at the cost of industry and the nation at large. Lack of global competition encouraged a â€Å"cost plus† approach, where every conceivable cost increase was passed on to the customer. There was thus no motivation to reduce costs. With deli censing, decontrol and deregulation, Indian Industry has suddenly been exposed to global competition. Since last decade, India has witnessed what global players have achieved and what they are capable of achieving. We are becoming aware of competition on our turf. In this scenario, every company complains of increased competition, lower order books and shrinking margins. The Indian Electrical/Electronics Industry is of course further besieged by the fact that there is a dearth of business on account of lack of investment in the power infrastructure. Many organizations in this industry are looking overseas to develop the export markets owing to reduced demand at home. At the outset, it must be stated that the reduced domestic demand is at best a temporary phenomenon. The power sector in India is bound to grow and this will undoubtedly boost demand from the Utilities, quite apart from the industrial demand which will continue to grow with increased industrial output. The poor financial health of the SEBs is however a damper that cannot be wished away in the short term. This will continue to plague corporates in the Electrical Industry, until the SEB restructuring and unbundling brings a turnaround in the medium term. Factors Governing the Growth of Indian Electrical Industry Every industry thrives on some supporting factors. In this connection, there are few factors governing the growth of electrical and electronics industry: †¢Research & development played an important role to the increased productivity and higher-value added electrical and electronics products. †¢Foreign investments accelerated growth in production and export as well. To expand their business, foreign companies have done huge investment which lead developing countries in establishing production units. Global industries like Medical, Telecommunications, Industrial & Automotive industries have been cordially supported by electrical & electronics industry. †¢Increase in income changed living standards of the common mass. As a result, it increased the demand of electronics especially consumer electronics products globally. †¢Electric & Electrical industry is highly fragmented which comprises of many small and me dium size enterprises resulting into a huge industry. †¢Asia Pacific region is emerging as the most spinning place for the consumer electronics industry, as the markets remain still unbroached. Innovation has played importantly in this industry. It led to a consistent demand for newer and faster products and applications. Future Prospects of Indian Electrical Industry The domestic market in India is itself large, and one must firstly satisfy this market with products that meet international quality standards. With increasing globalisation, every international player is now operating in India, providing goods and services complying with international quality. Once we deliver high quality products and services within the domestic market, accessing the international market for exports should not pose a serious challenge. The Electrical/Electronics Industry in India is growing to its full potential in the coming years and no doubt that India will soon come to be recognized for quality products and services which in turn, will bring this industry to a position of true leadership. Indian electrical industry has grown because of government's thrust on it and also due to overall economic growth. It has also reached a stage where the industry has demonstrated its capabilities. The industry has seen a growth of 20% and should continue at the same level for the next few years. 1. 3 COMPANY PROFILE Havell’s India Limited was established in 1958 and is a part of the QRG group. It is one of the India’s largest electrical and power distribution equipment manufacturer company. Havells India is in four segments namely: Switchgears, Cable , Lighting and Fixtures and Electrical Consumer Durables. It is amongst the top three players in most of its products and is fast increasing its market share through aggressive brand building Today Havells India is a billion-dollar-plus Indian electrical equipment company with products ranging from industrial & domestic circuit protection switchgear, cables & wires, motors, fans, power capacitors, compact fluorescent lamps (CFL), and luminaries for domestic, commercial & industrial applications, modular switches covering household, commercial and industrial electrical needs. Havells owns global brands like Crabtree, Sylvania, Concord, Luminance, Linolite & SLI Lighting. Havells has 94 branches / representative offices and over 5000 professionals in over 50 countries. Its 12 state-of-the-art manufacturing plants in India are located at Haridwar, Baddi, Noida, Faridabad, Alwar, Neemrana, and 8 state-of-the-art manufacturing plants are located across Europe, Latin America & Africa Churn out globally acclaimed products. Havells is a name Synonymous with excellence and expertise in the electrical industry. It’s 20000 strong global distribution network is prompt to service customers. The company has acquired a number of International certifications, like CSA, KEMA, CB, CE,ASTA, CPA, SEMKO, SIRIUM (Malaysia), SPRING (Singapore), TSE (Turkey), SNI (Indonesia) and EDD (Bahrain) for various products. Today, Havells and its brands have emerged as the preferred choice of electrical products for discerning individuals and industrial consumers both in India and abroad. In an attempt to transform itself from an industrial product company to a consumer products company, Havells launched the consumer electrical products such as CFLs, Fans, Modular Switches & Luminiaires. The company has been consistent in its brand promotion with sponsorship of Cricket events like T20 World Cup, India-Australia Series and IPL. The company has also taken the initiative to reach directly to the consumers through â€Å"Havells Galaxy† – a one stop shop for all electrical and lighting needs. Social and environmental responsibility has been at the forefront of Havells operating philosophy and as a result the company consistently contributes to socially responsible activities. For instance, the company is providing mid-day meal in government schools in Alwar district, covering 15000 students per day. Besides this company has acquired land for constructing a larger kitchen with all the modern facilities to serve freshly cooked food to 50000 students in the area. Havells runs a mobile Medical Van, equipped with a trained doctor and necessary medicines in the rural areas of Delhi & NCR for the very poor and needy villagers. We also setup free medical check-up camps. In the past also, the company has generously contributed to the society during various national calamities like the Bihar Flood, Tsunami and Kargil National Relief Fund etc. The essence of Havells success lies in the expertise of its fine team of professionals, strong relationships with associates and the ability to adapt quickly and efficiently, with the vision to always think ahead. Havells is acknowledged as a manufacturer & suppliers of the widest range of quality low voltage electrical equipment. With a number of strategic alliance in place, Havells is the only company that has shown phenomenal growth rate with the help of various joint ventures,acquisition,mergers and takeovers. Havells recently acquired Frankfurt headquartered,SLI sylvania for $ 300 mn. The company is a leading global designer and provider of lighting systems for lamps and fixtures. Sylvania is one of the most globally recognized brand for over a century in the electrical industry with brand like Sylvania,Concord:marlin,Lumiance,Marlin,Claude and Linolite-Sylvania. History (Milestones-Years Achievements) 1958: Commenced trading operations in Delhi 1971: Bought HAVELLS Brand 1976: Set up the first manufacturing plant for Rewireable Switches and Changeover Switches at Kirti Nagar, Delhi. Havells in the year 1976. 1979: Set up a manufacturing plant for HBC Fuses at Badli, Delhi. 980: Started manufacturing high quality Energy Meters at Tilak Nagar, Delhi. 1983: Acquired Towers and Transformers Ltd. and turned it into a profitably manufacturing Energy Meters Company in one year. 1987: Started manufacturing MCBs at Badli, Delhi in a Joint Venture with Geyer, Germany. 1990: Set up a manufacturing plant at Sahibabad, UP for Changeover Switches. 1993: Set up another manufact uring plant at Faridabad, Haryana for Control Gear Products. 1996: Acquired a manufacturing plant at Alwar, Rajasthan for Power Cables & Wires. Entered into a Joint Venture with Electrium, UK for manufacturing Dorman Smith MCCBs and Crabtree Modular Plate Switches. 1997: Acquired Electric Control & Switchboards at NOIDA for manufacturing customized packaged solutions. 1998: Introduced high-end Ferraris Meters in Joint Venture with DZG, Germany. 2000: Acquired controlling stake in Duke Arnics Electronics (P) Limited engaged in manufacturing of Electronic Meters-Single Phase, Three Phase, Multi Function, Tri-Vectors. Acquired controlling interest in an industry major-Standard Electricals Ltd. 001: Acquired business of Havells Industries Ltd, MCCB of Crabtree India Limited and merged ECS Limited in the company to consolidate its area of core competence. 2002: Standard Electrical Company becomes a 100% Subsidiary of the company Attained the IEC certification for Industrial switchgear and CSA certification for all manufacturing plants. 2003: Set up manufacturing plant at Baddi (H. P. ) for manufacturing of Domestic Switchgear. Se t up a manufacturing plant for manufacturing of CFL at existing manufacturing plant in Faridabad, Haryana. 2004: Set up a manufacturing plant for manufacturing of Ceiling Fans at Noida, UP. Set-up their own marketing office in London through their wholly owned subsidiary company Havells U. K. Ltd. In December 2004, placed 235 fully convertible debentures of Rs. 10 lakhs on M/s. Shine Ltd. , Mauritius and the debenture got converted in June, 2006 Attained the CE certificate for CFLs. 2005: Set up manufacturing plant in Haridwar, Uttaranchal for manufacturing Fans. Awarded the KEMA certification by The Dutch Council for Accreditation, making QRG the only group to attain this certification. Set up of R Center in Noida H. O. 2006: Crabtree India merged with Havells India. Added CFL production unit in Haridwar manufacturing plant. Expansion at Alwar manufacturing plant for increase of production capacity. Expansion at Baddi manufacturing plant and set-up of an Export Oriented Unit. 2006: First Company to get the ISI Certification for complete range of CFLs. Started mid-day meal program at Alwar, Rajasthan caters to 10,000 students from 77 schools. 2007: Set-up of Capacitor manufacturing plant in Noida, UP with the capacity of 6, 00,000 KVAr per month. Acquired the Lighting business of a Frankfurt based company â€Å"Sylvania†, a global leader in lighting business and now the company's turnover crosses US$ 1 Billion. Havells at that time was best known for its electrical switches, energy meters and miniature circuit breakers (MCBs), while SLI Sylvania was a renowned yet under-leveraged European lamps and fixtures brand. In March 2007, Havells acquired SLI Sylvania of Netherlands for $300 Million, making it the fourth largest lighting business in the world, worth over a billion USD! This was, at that time, the biggest overseas takeover by an Indian Electrical equipment manufacturer. This takeover helped take the Havells brand to over 20,000 dealers across Latin America, Europe, Asia and Africa. The combined Havells-Sylvania generated over a $1 billion in revenue with more than 60% coming from international sales. Havells’ portfolio of prestigious global brands now includes Crabtree, Sylvania, Concord, Luminance, Linolite & SLI Lighting. 2008:First Indian CFL manufacturers to have adopted RoHS, European norms on Restriction of Hazardous Substances in CFLs. Set up of Global Corporate office, QRG Towers at Expressway Noida. Havells Corporate Office. Investment of Rs. 50 Crores in Global Center for Research and Innovation (CRI). Set up of fully automatic plant for Havells Lafert Motors at Neemrana. Change in Corporate BRAND identity. [3] 2009: Set up of fully automatic 2nd unit for switchgear manufacturing at Baddi. Global consolidation of CFL manufacturing plant at Neemrana for domestic and export purposes. Launch of India’s 1st HPF CFL. Launch of India’s 1st BEE 5* Rated Fan. 2010: Inauguration of fan manufacturing unit 2 at Haridwar. Global Launch of LED products. Acquired 100% interest in Standard Electricals. Sets up World’s First New Generation CMH Lamp Plant at Neemrana. Vision â€Å"To be a globally recognized corporation that provides best electrical & lighting solutions,delivered by best in class people. † Mission To achieve our vision through fairness,business ethics, global reach,technological expertise,building long term relationships with all our associates,customers,partners,and employees. Values †¢Customer Delight:A commitment to surpassing our customer expectations. †¢Leadership by examle: A commitment to set standards in set standards in our business and transactions based on mutual trust. †¢Integrity and Transparency:A Commitment to be ethical,sincere and open in our dealings. Pursuit of Excellence: A commitment to strive relentlessly,to constantly improve ourselves, our teams,our services and products so as to become the best in class Promoters QRG Group is one of the fastest growing Electrical and Power Distribution Equipment Company in the country, manufacturing products ranging from building circuit protection, industrial & domestic switchgear, cables & wires, energy meters, fans, CFLs, luminaries, bath fittings and modular switches. The group comprises of 5 companies – 1) Havells India Ltd. (the flagship company) 2) Standard Electricals 3) Crabtree India Ltd 4) TTL 5) Sylvanias Board of Directors 1. Qimat Rai Gupta (Chairman and Managing Director) 2. Anil Gupta (Joint Managing Director) 3. Surjit Gupta (Director Operations) 4. Ameet Gupta (Director International Marketing) 5. Rajesh Gupta (Director Finance) Shareholders †¢Indian Promoters hold 61. 6%, single business focus. †¢In 2007 Warburg Pincus, a global private equity firm and one of the largest investors in India, invested US $110 million in Havells India Ltd. †¢Warburg Pincus share in havells represents 14 % of the fully diluted share capital of the company. †¢Overtime company attracted high quality long term investors Sequoia capital CLSA Blackrock SAIF partners Sloane Robinson HSBC (largest FII in India) SBI (largest bank in India) Havells Total Revenue Growth Starting off as a manufacturer of switchgears in 1971, Havells till the late 1990s was largely involved in manufacturing industrial products. Foreseeing strong growth prospects in the consumer goods category, the company later diversified into products such as fans, compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs), modular switches, and power cables and wires. As these products are used mostly during building construction or renovation, the company benefited from the rapid growth in the real estate sector, reporting a robust compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of around 40% in its revenues in the last ten years. To further capitalize on the growth potential in the consumer goods category, Havells is now expanding its portfolio, including products such as water heaters and electrical appliances. With its main focus being on electrical consumer goods, demand for most of Havells products is driven by consumer spending and power availability. Over the last four years, the top players in domestic electrical consumer goods industry have demonstrated strong revenue growth of 15-18%, driven by rising income levels, increasing urbanization, and greater rural electrification. Further, with standards of living improving and consumer focus increasing on saving energy, the demand for quality products has been reporting strong growth. The trend is expected to sustain, with the main beneficiaries being companies with established brands and product attributes that stand out in an increasingly cluttered market, high quality standards that neutralize competition from unorganized-sector players, and extensive distribution networks that enable them to reach the high growth centre’s in Tier-II and Tier-III cities. Given its established track record, Havells is in a favorable position to capitalize on the sector‘s growth potential. We expect Havells to post a net profit CAGR of around 11% between 2009-10 and 2012-13(E) on a standalone basis. Major clients of Havells 1. 4 PRODUCT PROFILE There are twelve verticals of Havells they are as follows: 1. DP- Domestic product- (Miniature Circuit Breaker ) 2. IP- Industrial products- (Moulded Case Circuit Breaker ) 3. Switches (Modular )- Crabtree 4. Switches (Modular )- Havells 5. Motorts- Industrial 6. CFL’s-( Compact Flurosent Light ) There are various types of CFL’s they are as follows Normal, Spiral, Higher Range, T-2 Spiral, G24 Base 7. Professional Luminous 8. Consumers Luminous 9. Fans- There are various types of CFL’s they are as follows Table Fans, Wall mounted, Ceiling Fans, Exhaust Fans, Pedestal Fans 10. Geysers 11. Wires 12. Cables- There are various types of Cables they are as follows Flat Cables, Co-axial TV Cables, Telephone Switch Board Cables, Multi Core Round Products Building Circuit Protection Miniature Circuit Breaker o Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB) o Isolator o Changeover Switch Residual Current Circuit Breaker (RCCB) o RCBO o Distribution Board (DB) o Indicator Light Industrial Circuit Protection o Air Circuit Breaker o MCCB o Panel Board system o Changeover Switch o By-pass Changeover Switch o Load Changeover Switch o Automatic Transfer Switch o Switch Disconnector o Control Gear o Switch Disconnector Fuse o Fuse Switch and Switch Fuse o Chamber System o Fuse Holder o Nylon F use Base o Fuse Link and Fuse Base Motors Foot Cum Flange Motor. o Foot Mounting o Flange Motor o Foot Cum Flange o Inverter Duty Motors with Forced Cooling o Crane Duty Motors o Brake Motors Normal Duty o Heavy Duty o Super Heavy Duty o Agriculture Duty o Motor Run Capacitors Lighting oLED Lighting o Consumer Lighting o Commercial Lighting o Down Lighter o Landscape – Bunker Lighting o Industrial Lighting o Area Lighting o Road Lighting o Specialty Lamps o Accessories o Aura Lighting CFL India's First HPF Green CFL. o Retrofit o Non Retrofit o Higher Range o Liliput o FPL Water Heater o Instantaneous Water Heater o Electric Storage Water Heater Cables and Wires o Power Cables – Aluminum Control Cables – Copper o Copper Flexible Cables Fans Havells Ceiling Fans. o Ceiling Fans o Table Fans o Wall Mounting Fans o Pedestal Fans o Air Circulator Fans o Ventilating Fans 3. 9 Modular Plate Switches o Havells Modular Switches o Crabtree Modular Switches Capacitors Hav ells started manufacturing of its new range of products Capacitors in February 2007 Havells Capacitors are designed and manufactured using S3 technology. It encompenses product with triple shield with differential disconnector in the event of any fault within due to environmental compatibility. Automatic controlled vacuum potting of â€Å"Element Modules† ensures fault remains localized. and protects the installation in spite of hazards Advance technologies adopted in our â€Å"Capacitors† offer you unmatched safety and outstanding performance under Indian conditions benefiting you month after month and every year from now on†¦ Figure Capacitors 1. 5 COMPETITORS PROFILE CIRCUIT PROTECTION DEVICES BUILDING CIRCUIT PROTECTION COMPETITOR’S POSITION I. Havells II. Legrand III. Indo Asian IV. Schneider INDUSTRIAL CIRCUIT PROTECTION COMPETITOR’S POSITION I. L II. Osram III. Schneider IV. Havells POWER CABLE COMPETITOR’S POSITION I. Polycab II. Havells III. Gloster WIRES COMPETITOR’S POSITION I. Finolex II. Havells III. Anchor IV. FANS COMPETITOR’S POSITION I. Crompton Greaves II. Orient III. Usha IV. Bajaj V. Havells ENGERY SAVINGS LAMP COMPETITOR’S POSITION I. Phillips II. Havells III. Osram LIGHTING FIXTURES COMPETITOR’S POSITION I. Phillips II. Bajaj III. Crompton Greaves IV. Havells Fig : ORGANIZATION CHART EXPLANATION OF ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE ?Havells India Ltd has straight line-functional structure. ? Qimat Rai Gupta is chairman and Managing Director of Havells India Ltd. Directors, Branch Heads, National product heads have to report Managing director. ?There are 12 different products of Havells and there are 12 different Branch Heads as show in organisation chart. ?Product Heads, Ass. Managers, Senior Sales Executive, Sales Executive, they have to report their respective Branch Heads as shown in organization chart. ? Account s Executive have to report commercial Head and commercial head have to report Branch Head. ?Similarly Service Executive has to report Service Head and service head have to report their respective Branch Heads as shown in rganization chart. Work culture at Havells QRG is continuously applying modern management techniques such as Kaizen to enable employees to improve their day to day functioning in small steps, one at a time. QRG has also implemented Japanese version of 5S which stands for â€Å"a place for everything and everything in its place†. The company has Introduced these techniques as it firmly believes that small changes add up to large results and the only way for a corporation to grow, is to make its people grow. The Group is driven by qualified and experienced professionals backed by a work force of over 4000 employees. All branches and manufacturing facilities are computerized and networked with each other. An open door policy at all levels encourages employees to be participated, innovative and creative. Empowering employees helps the organization in harnessing individual talents to the fullest. Emphasis is laid on building team spirit which helps employees to realize collective potential. Manufacturing Plants: Powerful trends are shaping up industry for the 21st century. Because of rapid spread of advanced technologies complexity of work is increasing – almost daily. With the state of the art equipments and manufacturing facilities, QRG group is helping to boost safety in workplaces from the factory to the offices, domestic buildings to commercial plazas. All the manufacturing units are probably supervised and controlled by technocrats and industry specialists. The group has well managed, well equipped tool rooms with machines like CCV Line, CNC Machines, EDM Wire Cut, Spark Erosion Machines, Lathes and Surface Grinders. Our strategic alliances with some of the leading technologycorporations in the world of electrical engineering, ensure constant access to the latest developments in the international markets, which are then adapted to the tough tropical conditions. Our manufacturing units are fully equipped with the latest and most sophisticated facilities in India. And in the hands of our highly qualified technical experts, this results in some of the most advanced product development in the country Location: Branch offices / zonal offices / manufacturing plants Haridwar, Uttaranchal Products manufactured: Fans and CFLs †¢ Baddi, Himanchal Pradesh Products manufactured: MCBs, CFLs and Switches †¢ Samepur Badli, Delhi Products manufactured: MCBs, ELCBs and DBs †¢ Tilak Nagar, Delhi Products manufactured: Energy Meters †¢ NOIDA, UP Product manufactured: Fans †¢ Alwar, Rajasthan Products manufactured: Cables & Wires †¢ Faridabad, Haryana Products manufactured: CFLs and Ind ustrial Products. †¢ Gurgaon, Haryana Luminaries and Lighting fixtures †¢ Jalandhar Products manufactured: MCBs, ELCBs, DBs, Wires and Industrial Switchgear †¢ Gurgaon, Haryana Products manufactured: Modular Plate Switches & Accessories . SWOT ANALYSIS Opportunities, and Threats involved in a project or in a business venture. It involves Specifying the objective of the business venture or project and identifying the internal and External factors those are favorable and unfavorable to achieving that objective. A SWOT analysis must first start with defining a desired end state or objective. A SWOT Analysis may be incorporated into the strategic planning model. Strategic Planning, including SWOT and SCAN analysis, has been the subject of much research. †¢ Strengths: attributes of the person or company those are helpful to achieving the objective. Weaknesses: attributes of the person or company those are harmful to achieving the objective. †¢ Opportunities: exte rnal conditions those are helpful to achieving the objective. †¢ Threats: external conditions which could do damage to the objective. Identification of SWOTs is essential because subsequent steps in the process of planning for achievement of the selected objective may be derived from the SWOTs. The aim of any SWOT analysis is to identify the key internal and external factors that are important to achieving the objective. These come from within the company's unique value chain. SWOT analysis groups key pieces of information into two main categories: †¢ Internal factors – The strengths and weaknesses internal to the organization. †¢ External factors – The opportunities and threats presented by the external environment to the organization STRENGTHS †¢Foreign Joint Venture & International approvals †¢World class infrastructure †¢Low cost of Production due to the easy availability of raw materials and cheap labour †¢Leveraging upon Sylvinia network (10000 distributors). †¢Global presence (Latin America, UK, Europe) †¢Largest manufacturing capacity in the country for motors †¢R & D facilities WEAKNESS †¢High power consumption and requirement of continous power supply †¢Season demand of the production due to weather condition †¢Increased cost of production due to increase in coal prices †¢Globally small Market share †¢Slowdown of real estates †¢Delays in execution of power projects OPPORTUNITIES †¢Global opportunities. †¢Growing middle class : There has been increase in the purchasing power of emerging middle-class with rise in salaries and wages, which results in rising demand for better quality of life that further necessitates infrastructure development and hence increase the demand for CFL. Technological changes: The CFL industry has made tremendous strides in technological up gradation and assimilation of latest technology. At present ninety three per cent of the total capacity in the industry is based on the capacity is based on old wet and semi-dry process technology. The induction of advanced technology has helped the industr y immensely to conserve energy and fuel and to save material substantially and hence reduced the cost of production. †¢Changing dynamics due to increased FDI inflows †¢Shift of public perception on the product from being a luxury item to necessity. Acquisition of Chinese firms for low cost manufacturing. †¢Vertical integration into Havells retail outlets. †¢Leveraging upon motor business in India THREATS †¢Unorganized market. †¢International policies on environment of highly energy efficient, low or zero noise environment efficient product †¢Unrelated diversification †¢Global slowdown effected business adversely as is largely dependent on Sylvinia BCG MATRIX BOSTON CONSULTING GROUP (BCG) MATRIX is developed by BRUCE HENDERSON Of the BOSTON CONSULTING GROUP IN THE EARLY 1970’s. According to this technique, businesses or products are classified as low or high performers depending upon their market growth rate and relative market share. Market share is the percentage of the total market that is being serviced by your company, measured either in revenue terms or unit volume terms. RELATIVE MARKET SHARE RMS = Business unit sales this year Leading rival sales this year The higher your market share, the higher proportion of the market you control. Market growth is used as a measure of a market’s attractiveness. MARKET GROWTH RATE MGR = Individual sales this year – individual sales last year Individual sales last year Markets experiencing high growth are ones where the total market share available is expanding, and there’s plenty of opportunity for everyone to make money. It is a portfolio planning model which is based on the observation that a company’s business units can be classified in to four categories: I. Stars Question marks II. Cash cows III. Dogs It is based on the combination of market growth and market share relative to the next best competitor. The matrix comprises of four quadrants each describing the size and position of the strategic business unit owned by an organization. On the vertical axis is the Market Growth rate of the market in which the business operates. A market growth rate above 10 percent is considered to be high. On the horizontal axis is the Relative Market Share. It refers to the Strategic Business Unit’s market share as compared to the firm, which is its largest competitor in the segment under consideration. The relative market share serves a measure of the company’s strength in the market segment. The two axes are divided into high & low. The growth matrix is divided into four cells each indicating a different type of business profile. QUESTION MARKS: These are Businesses that operate in high- growth markets but have low relative market shares. A question mark requires a lot of cash because the company has to spend money on plant, equipment and personnel to keep up with the fast growing market and because it wants to overtake the market leader. The company has to think hard about whether to keep on investing money into this business or put an end. Strategic options for question marks include.. I. Market penetration II. Market development III. Product development IV. Which are all intensive strategies or divestment? STARS: – It is a market leader in a high growth market. A star does not necessarily produce a positive cash flow for the company. The company must spend substantial funds to keep up with the high market growth and to fight off competitor attacks. A star is a potential business which has the competitive advantage to be a market leader in an industry that is growing fast. Strategic options for stars include. I. Integration – forward, backward and horizontal II. Market penetration III. Market development IV. Product development V. Joint ventures CASH COWS: – Stars with a falling growth rate that still have the largest relative market share and produce a lot of cash for the company is called a cash cow. The company does not have to finance expansion because the markets growth rate has slowed because the business is the market leader it enjoys economies of scale and higher profit margins. The company uses its cash cows to pay bills and support other business. ). Strong position:-strategic options are I. Product development II. Concentric diversification b). Weak position :- strategic options are I. Retrenchment II. Divestment DOGS: – Businesses that have weak market shares in low-growth markets are in the dog category. The company should consider whether they are expecting a turn around in the market growth rate or a new chance for market leadership else they should div est this business. It would be fruitless to spend and money on this matrix business. Strategic options for Dogs include I. Retrenchment (if it is believed that it could be revitalized) II. Liquidation III. Divestment (if you can find someone to buy! ) Successful products may well move from question mark through star to Cash Cow and finally to Dog. Less successful products that never gain market position will move straight from question mark to dog BCG MATRIX IN HAVELLS:- Indian Operations of the Company are divided into 4 key segments: Switchgear: Havells is the largest manufacturers of MCBs, RCCBs, and distribution boards in India . With the market share of around 25% in the market for MCBs. In FY08, switchgear contributed 25% at Rs. 5420 million to its overall revenue. This segment is the most profitable one with operating margins to the tune of 33% in the FY08. The Company currently exports MCBs to over countries, including the quality conscious European countries. The Company is the number one player in domestic switchboards with more than 20% market share and is the 4th largest in Industrial switch boards. With continued investment in power sector they expect Company to grow at 15% CAGR over FY08-FY12. Switch Gear division had EBIT margins of 32% for Q3FY09. They expect margins in this business will remain stable above 30% over long term. Cable and Wires: The cable & wire segment generated Rs 2133 million in the Q3FY09 registering y-o-y de-growth of 14% EBIT margins fell from 9. 5% 9M YTD FY08 to 5. 4% in FY09. Fall in revenues was registered due to drop in prices of cables and wires and huge margin drop in was due adjustment in inventory due to massive reduction in prices of Copper in this Quarter. Company had negative EBIT of Rs. -76 million on revenues of Rs. 2133 million for Q3. The Company is recognized as quality manufacturers of cable & wires and offers a complete range of low and high voltage PVC and XLPE cables, besides, domestic/FRLS wires, Co-Axial TV and telephone cables. Lightning and Fixtures During FY08, the turnover of the division grew at 25% y-o-y to Rs 2900 million, first quarter revenues stood at 650 million, 11% up from same period of previous year. The Company generated operating profit of Rs. 190 million with 26. 7% margins as against 12. 3% margin last year. In this division, the Company expanded its CFL capacity to become the largest CFL manufacturer in the country. They expect Company to aggressively pitch this segment by launching a range of products in lightings and fixtures as it brings products from the stable of Sylvania into the Indian markets. Currently 60% of the CFL and only 30% of the fixtures market is organized. Their estimates put Lightings and Fixtures business growth at 25% CAGR FY10E –FY12E as industrial growth is likely to pick up. Electrical Consumer Deliverables & Others Havells also offers products like electric fans, meters and ‘Crabtree’ brand bath fittings which are largely consumer products and add diversity to Havells product profile. With strong brand image among domestic consumers, Havells may launch new products like Geysers in this segment. They believe the electric fan segment, which contributes 10% to consolidated revenues, and generates operating margins in excess of 20%, is the key focus segment. The Company has increased its share form 3% to 13% in the organized fan market of INR 17 bn form FY 05 to FY08 PESTLE ANALYSIS (PEST analysis) Political (Global, national, regional, local community and trends) Economic (world, national and local trends) Social (development in society – culture, behaviour, expectations). Technological (developments: computer hardware, software, applications) Legal (world/ EU/ national legislation). Environmental (global / EU/ National issues). PESTLE Analysis is a simple technique which can be used in a fairly sophisticated way, Particularly when it is combined with Risk Analysis, SWOT Analysis, an Urgency/Impotency Grid and expert knowledge about the organisation and its external factors. PESTLE Analysis is normally used to help organisations identify and understand the external environment in which they operate and how it will operate in the future. SOCIAL FACTOR Havell acquires companies and builds internally, havells Group never loses sight of its responsibility as a good corporate citizen. Havells believes that serving people with meager or no means is the duty of every well-to-do person. It consistently puts that philosophy into action and has initiated several projects for social causes. This has greatly increased the number of children attending school regularly and also alleviates hunger. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) at havells portrays the deep symbiotic relationship that the group enjoys with the communities it is engaged with. As a responsible corporate citizen, we try to contribute for social and environmental causes on a regular basis. Kitchen with Modern Facilities The company has acquired land for constructing a large kitchen with all the modern facilities to serve the meal to around 40000 to 50000 students. Mid Day Meal Being a responsible and concerned corporate citizen, QRG also undertakes other welfare activities in and around its plant locations, In Alwar region; the company is providing mid-day meal close to 15000 students of primary schools. Check-up Camps Blood Donation Camps Contribution towards Tsunami and Kargil National Relief Fund. TECHNOLOGICAL FACTOR Research and Development Innovation is the hallmark of every vital development at havells Group. New ideas, inventions deepen scientific knowledge and give its work force a new impetus towards technical progress. Havells’s technological strengths and its endeavour towards continuous research & development have allowed it to fulfils its responsibilities towards its customers. The responsibility of providing its customers the best products and zero defect services to enable them to be comfortable and secure in usage of electricity. Havells has recently invested 50 crores in the QRG Center for Research and Innovation, set-up at the company's Head Office premises in Noida, U. P. The objective of this centre is to provide the theoretical & experimental foundations for all segments of electrical engineering. The centre closely cooperates with the various departments so as to provide the best and the latest in terms of technology and design. Quality Control The essence of quality is closely wrapped in the way we think, plan and work. It finds its true expression when we extend beyond ourselves to exceed our customer’s expectations. To deliver products those are safer, faster and simply better. Each time, every time. Building customer confidence through teamwork is a top priority to provide a wide variety of products and services. Realising and respecting the basic needs of customers to feel more secure, we've committed ourselves to make our products better, safer and smarter than what he or she is looking for. That's a passion that began 30 years ago and that's how it continues to be even today. Our customers rely on us and it is our responsibility to give them the very best. All our products are as per IEC standards. QRG has a simple rule on quality. If it doesn't exceed customer expectation, it's not quality ECONOMIC FACTOR The Havells Group defines corporate governance strategically, which encompasses not only what we do as a company with our profits, but also how we make them. It goes beyond philanthropy and compliance and addresses how our company manages its economic, social, and environmental impacts, as well as its relationships in all key spheres of influence: the workplace, the marketplace, the supply chain, the community, and the public policy realm. We as a company have been in lead in offering a portfolio of eco responsible products and services that deliver powerful, sustainable, energy-efficient solutions that don't compromise on capacity and security. Our eco responsibility initiative also focuses on how we run our business, and includes efforts to develop an alternative-energy strategy, and thus reduce the environmental impact of our operations. We strive to bring corporate responsibility to every aspect of our business. We're committed to managing a responsible and diverse supply chain that's consistent with our high standards for environmental and business practices. Breaking down the barriers that constrain innovation is a challenge; we have readily embraced right from the start. Our ability to build communities and promote the exchange of ideas through assistive technologies, participation programs, and standardization is transforming the way people experience our products. We offer our customers holistic energy-efficient solutions, enabling them to not only save money and protect their capital investment, but also lower their energy usage and protect the environment, thus fulfilling our CSR responsibility of sustenance of depleting environmental resources. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND ETHICS An implicit sense of ethical business conduct has been the cornerstone of the havells way on corporate governance. On issues ranging from customer care and business excellence to financial propriety and more, explicit rules and regulations supplement the traditional values on which our group companies have been shaped. This is what we have endeavored to do in the 50 years of our existence. Our values of understanding, trust, integrity and ethics have served us in good stead. Corporate governance as practiced by our Group translates into being fair and civic-minded, fulfilling our duties to the entire spectrum of stakeholders, and, most importantly, making integrity an article of faith across all our operations. The group's adherence to ethical business conduct is rooted in the vision of its Founder Mr Qimat Rai Gupta. We started on sound and straightforward business principles, considering the interests of our shareholders and welfare of our employees as foundation of our long term success. The ‘leadership with trust' philosophy that has come to play such a vital role in how our customers perceive us is all the more remarkable given the climate of unparalleled public distrust of people in positions of authority today both in business and politics. Employee Relations Our people are the key to our success. Their skills, knowledge, ideas and enthusiasm drive our business. We have high-quality, diverse workforce and employees who fulfill their potential. We have achieved this by giving them development and advancement opportunities along with competitive compensation and benefits that appropriately reward performance We communicate widely with employees to demonstrate how their efforts contribute to our success and to listen to their concerns. We also encourage them to align with our vision. We are committed to open communications and a workplace where everyone's voice is heard. We use several channels to communicate with employees, including an internal web portal and company website along with communication sessions with the top management of the company. These sessions provide assessment of employee satisfaction and are inputs for business planning, management decision-making and company strategy development. They also help employees implement company policies, meet high standards of conduct and ensure their behavior reflects company values and policies. We seek to meet leading health, safety and wellness standards to enhance our business performance while optimizing employee health. Our facility policies are designed to continually reduce the risk of occupational injury and illness while promoting employee health and wellbeing. We wish to be a company that is known for its leadership in corporate ethics and responsibility. A company where employees are proud to work, and customers, partners and suppliers want to do business with. 5. SPECIAL TASK MARKET ANALYSIS ON PURCHASING PATTERN OF HAVELLS DEALER SURVEY OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY: ?To study the Purchasing Pattern of Dealers of Havells product ? To find how the product is accepted in the market. ? To know the perception of customer regarding the quality of Havells. ? To know how satisfied are Dealers with the products they purchase and the services provided by the company RESEARCH METHODOLOGY: Research refers to a search for knowledge. It is a systematic way of collecting and recording the facts in the form of numerical data relevant to the formulated problems and arriving at certain conclusions over the problem based on collected data. Thus formulation of the problem is the first and foremost step in the research process followed by the collection, recording, tabulation, analysis and drawing the conclusions. The problem formulation starts with defining the problems or number of problems in the functional area. To detect the functional area and locate the exact problem is most important part of any research as the whole research is based on the problem. Research extends knowledge of human being, social life and environment. It unravels the mysteries of nature. It verifies and tests existing facts and theory and these help in improving our knowledge and ability to handle situation and events. The questionnaire method is closed-ended questionnaire. It is a structured ones with four alternative responses from which respondent can choose. They contain standardized answers and they are simple to administer and easy to compile and analyse. SAMPLING: Sampling is the selection of some of some part of an aggregate or totality on the basis of which a judgment or inference about the aggregate or totality is made. In briefly, â€Å"sample is a smaller representation of whole†. SAMPLE SIZE: 30 SAMPLE UNITS: Electrical Dealers at Bangalore (Chikpet, Balepet, B. V. K Iyengar Road, R. T. Street) SOURCES OF DATA COLLECTION: Data serves as the basis or raw materials for analysis. The relevance, accuracy, adequacy and reliability of data determine the quality of the findings of the study. Data collection includes gathering the relevant information from different sources of data pertaining to the study under consideration. PRIMARY DATA: Primary date has been collected through:- I. OBSERVATION: – Here we have observed retailers About their purchasing behaviors . II. SURVEYS: – In Survey We have used Questionnaire Method, few Questionnaires have been asked to the Dealers. SECONDARY DATA: Secondary data was taken mainly from the internet and the URL are as follows:- I. www. havells. com II. www. wikipedia. com III. www. scribd. com IV. www. icra. com DURATION OF THE STUDY:- The study was carried out for a period of 20 days . DEALER SURVEY 1. Have you heard about Havells ? a. Yes b. No 2. Do you buy Havells product? a. Yes b. No If No why †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.? 3. How many different products of Havells you know? a. 1-2 b. 3-5 c. 6-8 d. 9-12 4. What are the Havells Modular Switches you are dealing with? a. Corel Range b. Pearlz Range c. Oro Range 5. What are the Havells CFL you are dealing with? a. Normal b, Spiral c. Higher Range d. T-5 6. What are the Copper Flexible Cables you deal with? a. Flat Cables b. Co-axial TV Cables c. Telephone Switch Board Cables d. Multi Core Round 7. What are the Havells IP you deal with? a. Industrial Switch Gears b. Meters c. Capacitors d. Motors 8. What are the Havells DP you deal with ? a. MCB b. RCCB c. DB 9. Which Havells Fans do customers prefer the most ? a. Ceiling Fans b. Table Fans c. Wall mounted d. Exhaust Fans 10. How Effective are the promotional activities of Havells ? a. Very Good b. Good c. Average d. Poor e. Very Bad 11. What are the other brands they are dealing with ? a. IP †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ . .. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ b. DP †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. c. Switches †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. d. Fans †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. e. CFL †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. f. Wires †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. g. Cables †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. h. Geysers †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. i. Motors †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. j. Professional Luminous †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. k. Consumer Luminous †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 12. Which Range is highest sold in your counter ? a. Lights b. Fans c. Industrial Circuit Protection d. Building CP 13. How do you rate Havells Sales staff support ? a. Very Good b. Good. c. Average d. Poor. e. Very Bad 4. What type of products do you want to sell ? a. Quality Products b. Guarantee Products c. Less Price Products d. Good Service Products 15. Which Company Products you buy the most ? a. Philips b. Havells c. Anchor d. Crompton Greaves 16. Do you get enquiry for our products from customers ? a. Yes b. No 17. What is the proportionate ratio of Havells sales in your counter with respect to other brands you deal ? †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 18. How do you rate Havells in dealing with commercial terms? a. Very Good b. Good c. Average d. Poor 19. How do you rate the after sale service of Havells company ? . Very Good b. Good c. Average d . Poor 20. How Satisfied are you with Havells ? a. Strongly satisfied b. Satisfied c. Dissatisfied SUGGESTIONS :- Data Analysis and Interpretation 1. Have you heard abo ut Havells? The Dealers have heard about Havells 2. Do you buy Havells product? All the Dealers buy Havells product (Since Dealers survey was restricted to the Dealers who buy Havells product) 3. How many different products of Havells you buy ? INTERPRETATION: Most of Dealers buy products in the range of 3-5, which includes Lights, Circuit Protection and Switches and Fans 4. What are the Havells Modular Switches you are dealing with? Coral Range5 Pearlz Range2 Oro Range1 INTERPRETATION: Most of the Dealers deal with Coral switches, few with Pearlz 5. What are the Havells CFL you are dealing with? Normal8 Spiral4 Higher Range2 T-2 Spiral3 G 24 Base1 INTERPRETATION : Normal Range CFL is highest sold in there counter when compared to other range of CFL’S 6. What are the Copper Flexible Cables you deal with ? Flat CablesNil Coaxial1 Telephone Switch boardNil Multi Core Round2 INTERPRETATION : Polycab and Finolex rule the market in Multic core round and Coaxial cables . What are the Havells IP you deal with ? Industrial Switch Gears8 Meters3 Capacitors2 Motors2 INTERPRETATION : In Industrial Circuit Protection , Most of the Dealers deal with Industrial Switch Gears and rest of them have equal share 8. What are the Havells DP you deal with ? MCB8 RCCB8 DB2 9. Which Havells Fans do customes prefer the most ? Ceiling Fans7 Table Fans7 Wall Mounted7 Exhaus t Fans4 10. How Effective are the promotional activities of Havells ? Very Good2 Good16 Average2 PoorNIL 11. What are the other brands they are dealing with other than Havells ? a. IP b. DP c. Switches d. Fans e. CFL f. Wires h. Geysers 12. Which Range is highest sold in your counter ? Lights4 Fans7 Industrial Circuit Protection4 Building CP3 13. How do you rate Havells Sales staff support ? Very GoodNil Good7 Average6 Poor4 14. What type of products do you want to sell ? Quality Products12 Guarantee Products10 Less Price5 Good Service Products10 INTERPRETATION : Most the Dealers want to purchase Quality and Guaranteed Products 15. Which Company Products you buy the most ? 16. Do you get enquiry for our products from customers ? Yes30 No3 17. What is the proportionate ratio of Havells sales in your counter with respect to other brands you deal with? 18. How do you rate Havells in dealing with commercial terms? Very GoodNil Good10 Average6 Poor5 19. How do you rate the after sale service of Havells company? Very GoodNil Good11 Average7 Poor8 20. How Satisfied are you with Havells? Strongly SatisfiedNil Satisfied15 Dissatisfied2 FINDINGS 1. More than 70% of the Dealers are selling Havells products 2. 80% of the Dealers think that the price of the Havells is higher when compared to other company. 3. 0 % of the Dealers are satisfied with Havells and 20% are dissatisfied. 4. 60% of the Dealers told that the sales of Havells increased from before. 5. Out of all categories of Havells Products MCB is the highest selling in most of the stores. 6. 60% of the Dealers told that they will prefer selling Havells because customers are demanding it more. 7. 70% of the Dealers are satisfied with the delivery services the Havells but 20 % of the Dealers are not satisfied with the delivery services. 8. Replacement of Havells Products when compared to other company products takes longer duration.

Victorian to Modern changes in Literature Essay

Victorian to Modern changes in Literature - Essay Example The Victorian literature forms the transition between the romantic period and the much different literature of the 20th century such as the Modernist Literature. The literature of the Victorian era had several shared characteristics; The Victorian literature is also more practical and seems to reflect an increased closeness and interest to daily practical problems in human life. The literature is used as an instrument to indicate human progress especially in an era where industrialism was rising while various societal issues such as women’s rights and child labor among others were getting more scrutiny from the public (Browning & Ada 121). The Victorian literature depicts a more idealistic approach to life despite the era being described as practical. Most writers such as poets, novelists, and essayists emphasize more on ideals such as truth, justice, brotherhood and love among others. A good example is seen in Tennyson’s poem Ulysses, where he emphasizes the ideal life that could provide him with more freedom to travel and adventure (Gupta 68). For the purpose of analysis of this era, the discussion will segment it into three parts; the early, middle and late Victorian era. In the early era, the British Empire was undergoing a period of economic prosperity with the several industrialization work taking place during this time. For example, the empire was having various infrastructural developments such as railway-making, construction works and coal mining processes. The era was also characterized by a widespread poor living and working conditions, child labor and unfair treatment of women. The literature during this era was more focused on the celebration of the English people and their superiority in the world. In the mid-Victorian period, the major changes were seen due to the enactment of the Factory Acts which saw changes such as restriction of child labor among others.

Brave New World Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Brave New World - Essay Example The novel details the community as cemented through stability in its beliefs and cultures, which guide the thinking in the world. This is a utopian perspective, with abstract goals that the world hopes to meet through its defined identity. There is allusion of the Christian religion that the text alleges contributes to the identity of any society, giving it meaning and means by which they can derive their guidance. However, this religion mobilizes people to achieve unity and meaning of togetherness through sexual orgy. This is indeed supported by the postulation that no person in the society is supposed to live or act in solitude. The subject of identity is viewed as the backbone of genetic engineering, where the various classes of the society are divided in such a way that cloning can be used to derive the required genes or characters in human beings. Indeed, the characters mostly identify the subject of stability, whose craving desire to achieve this state make bio-engineers design ways that would see the same kind of individuals produced in the world without any distinctions. This would help reduce conflicts between people and choke the community’s dynamism. The book explores the theme of fictional science as the driver in the society and its control over the world. Indeed, the author explores this theme in the way that seeks to show that the advancement of science has profound effects on humanity. In retrospect, the novel focuses on the looming dangers of advancement in biological and physiological science to humanity in the way that it is supposed to lead to social identity. In this theme, it is plausible to state that science has come of age, with the knowledge in genetics been advanced and profound. Their manipulation of DNA and RNA has enabled scientists to determine the inheritable characteristics as well as the course of human reproduction and inheritance. The author seeks to expound on the subject when he refers to the upcoming world

Individual Project - Tanglewood Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Individual Project - Tanglewood - Essay Example In addition they become aware of the challenges that Tanglewood has gone through. In this way, they will have the ability to deal with any challenge that they may face during their duties. Tanglewood case indicates that there is inconsistency in terms of management between styles between the new stores and the original stores. Thus, the company should also employ the acquisition strategy that will ensure that the new stores start on the correct path without the resistance of the managers or resentment from the workers. The expansion strategies by Tanglewood require that it accumulates adequate funds without lowering the salaries of its employees. The company should therefore adopt techniques that will ensure that it does not use a lot of funds outside the company. Thus, it is imperative for the company to hire itself instead of outsourcing. The only part that the company should outsource is in the construction of the stores. This is based on the fact that if the company creates its own construction and engineering department, it would an expensive venture. This is due to the high costs of such a department in the form of high salaries, high costs of purchasing constructing machines as well as costs of computer programs used to come up with the architectural designs. By hiring itself in other areas, Tanglewood will ensure that it uses reduced financial resources that will generate significant revenue needed in undertaking other operations of the firm. In addition, by hiring its own resources, the c ompany will effectively deal with its own challenges since it is aware of their causes and the best person to deal with an emerging issue in the company. However, outsourcing has several advantages that include providing new ideas, new techniques of performing duties as well as new ways of solving management problem that the company can face. In his effort to hire qualified personnel, the vice-president for human resources should

Cyber Security as the Process of Different Security Measures Essay

Cyber Security as the Process of Different Security Measures - Essay Example National security, economic vitality, and daily life of individuals vastly depend on safe, resilient, and stable cyberspace. Cyber Security is a global concern because cyberspace is increasingly becoming a crucial asset to nations. However, few countries possess an arguably secure digital infrastructure – the United States no exception (Singer & Friedman, 2014). The Department of Homeland Security, for instance, is committed to improving its cyber networks and infrastructure, as well as cyber security across all key information sectors. Meanwhile, cyber attacks and intrusions have increased significantly over the last two decades, disrupting critical operations, exposing sensitive business and personal information, and imposing exorbitant costs on economies. As a result, countries must make significant advances in securing their systems from potential state-sponsored operations and intrusions and growing threat of cybercrime (Singer & Friedman, 2014, pp67). Overall, contempora ry organizations must adhere to the conventional cybersecurity standards to curb cybersecurity attacks and enhance safe security techniques. The reasons and motivations for violations of computer security vary between hackers/crackers. For instance, some hackers are extremely skilled and vastly motivated with the goal or objective of compromising the computers of an organization for espionage or financial gain (Reveron, 2013, pp56). Other hackers are simply vandals and thrill-seekers, commonly involved or responsible for ruining websites and web pages. In most cases, attackers deface websites to make the political statement. Furthermore, multiple cyber-crimes that occurred in the last decade targeted both private companies and government agencies. For instance, commercial websites such as Amazon.com, Yahoo.com, CNN.com, eBay.com, and Buy.com hit colossal DOS in the year 2000.

Abdull Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Abdull - Essay Example pt to redeem the government from a similar situation, where discussions are on to inject the money previously meant for a promotion in the number of secondary enrolments in the nation, in the financial sector of the economy which is going through a difficult phase right now. The target of the administration is to enhance the GDP situation in the nation that will serve as a gateway towards a stable growth path in future. This study is an effort to disentangle the tight spot, with the help of empirical analyses, availing various statistical tools. The Finance Ministry of the nation had already decided upon the implementation of policy measures to improvise the country’s rate of enrolment in secondary education, as the desired channel of fund inflow. However, the financial shock that overwhelmed the economy meanwhile, and led to imperative demands for financial support from banks around the country, has compelled it to reconsider the outcome of its previous meeting. The deadlock that the nation is facing at present could be logically solved by means of statistical analysis. The idea is to carry on a comparative analysis through estimating a regression equation, with a function of change in GDP as the dependent variable and the changes in both the levels of secondary school enrolments and infusion of credit to the banking sector, as the independent ones along with a number of other variables, expected to produce significant impact on the dependent variable. To be precise, the model being designed for estimation is, The question that might arise at this point is that, what should be the basis of deductions regarding the validity of the above model as well as for the reliability of the estimated coefficients. The subsequent sections will hopefully help the reader to reach a suitable answer to any such queries. The research aims to completely explore the average outcome of similar situations faced by other developing nations of the world and that is why will use

Business Research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Business Research - Essay Example S. 2007). Quantitative research is descriptive or experimental. Descriptive establishes only associations between variables. It involves case, case series, cross-sectioning and cohort variables, hence it does not give detailed data of the study. Experimental establishes causality. Qualitative research design is appropriate particularly to a business organization. This is because, it enables a clear measure of what is going on in an organization or members of the business organization. (Greener, D. S. 2007). It also monitors financial data and other qualitative data, which can be established and monitored around the organization and which will be vital in the study of day to day management. For instance, when a business organization has incurred loss in sales, a clear study should be carried out to give a clear logistic statement or report of the daily or monthly usage of financial transactions. This will enable the manager of the business to change the norms of the

Analysis of a Key Scripture of Buddhism Research Paper

Analysis of a Key Scripture of Buddhism - Research Paper Example Within a framework of the present study, the Vimalakirti Sutra has been selected for analysis. This text is claimed to have been composed in India approximately in early 2nd century CE . Representing a story of a certain Vimalakirti, this sutra provides a sophisticated theological account of the concept of bodhisattva as the ideal form of attaining the Awakening, which is contrasted and compared with the traditional Buddhist idea of arhat. Nonetheless, the Arhatship is far from being rejected in the text of the sutra; on the contrary, the text purports to provide instructions for both categories. The main thrust of the Vimalakirti Sutra is aimed at the followers of the Mahayana tradition of Buddhism. This tradition encompasses a number of Buddhist schools and sects that, despite their manifold differences, agree on the necessity of helping the other being to achieve Awakening, rather than purely individual efforts at attaining this condition themselves. The former variant, known as t he Bodhisattva Path, is construed as involving the dedication of life energies of the prospective bodhisattva to the assistance to other living beings, rather than disappearing from the worldly existence (sa?sara) at the end of the personal lifetime, as in the case of traditional concept of arhat. The collectivist impulse found in Mahayana allowed it to become more popular than traditional ‘Southern’ schools of Buddhism in many regions of the world, including Japan, Mongolia, China, etc. The Mahayana Buddhism was not, however, a completely laymen-based phenomenon, as there is strong evidence that the monastic spiritualists play an important part in its development (Mitchell 97). The main aim of Mahayana devotees has always been the definition of the essence of the ‘Great Vehicle’ that can allow them to reach the condition of Buddha through the path of Bodhisattva. Such Great Vehicle was eventually associated with the altruistic desire (bodhicitta) to assist the other mortals in achieving the Awakening necessary to free themselves from the shackles of earthly existence. Various Mahayana schools used differing terminology to describe the specific stages that must be passed on the way to the state of Bodhisattva, but eventually the majority of Mahayana teachers laid down the sequence of Ten Stages that are to be passed by the true Bodhisattva, with generosity, morality, tolerance, effort, concentration, and true wisdom being the most important virtues of this set. It is worth noting that it was the Vimalakirti Sutra that introduced this canon of virtues of Bodhisattva for the first time in history of Mahayana school. The role of the Vimalakirti Sutra for the adherents of Mahayana Buddhism is rather encompassing, as this is the text that laid down some of the most important tenets of Mahayana doctrine. The main subject of the sutra is both practical and philosophical, as it combines the discussion of the most important themes in Buddhist ontology (e.g. the concept of ‘emptiness’, or sunyata) with the practical advice and contemplations on the integration of Mahayana Buddhist practices in daily life of the devotee. The Vimalakirti Sutra played an important role in further development of Mahayana cosmogony; by introducing the concept of ‘Buddha-field’, it has connected the notions of cosmic existence inherited from the Hindu tradition with the specifically Buddhist philosophy of

Will Positive behavior Modification Decrease the Amount of Negative-Seeking Attention of a Child Essay Example for Free

Will Positive behavior Modification Decrease the Amount of Negative-Seeking Attention of a Child Essay Teaching is a challenging profession especially if the teacher is handling children. Children, when they want to have attention, will do anything just to have it. They do anything positively or negatively just to have the attention that he wants. Children most of the time do it positively, however some would do it negatively. Say for example, in a school setting, the child may seek for the attention of the teacher thus in class he misbehaves. He doesn’t really care as to what attention he would be getting, be it praise or a reprimand, for as long as he gets the attention, he likes it. To a child an attention from an adult is very important. Sometimes, it is just but normal that children seek approval and attention but if this is too much, this could become a problem because the child would tend to be controlling. This action may then result in a situation where the child controls your life. The very reason for misbehavior in young children is to get attention, and in their later life, this may cause discipline problems (Severe, 2000). One of my 5th grade students, a male one, misbehaves that he is disturbing the class and distracts me as well. When he does this, I reprimand him however what he does is that he behaves for a while and then misbehaves again. I wanted to figure out what seems to be the problem with this child and I found out that he just wants some attention. He has this negative-attention seeking behavior wherein he does tricks just to get anyone’s attention. Everyday he has new tricks that he plays so he can have the attention that he wants. One time he threw a crumpled paper towards his classmate just to get the attention of his classmate. Another day this same student loudly talked to his classmate that distracted our discussion. Everyday he gets reprimands from me and he does the same thing again after a while. I started observing the child when he is playing with his friends. He also does tricks to get the attention of his playmates. I asked the other teachers who handled this child if they have observed this behavior and they said yes. This child really needs attention, no matter what he does and what he gets as long as he can have the attention that he wants. He may act negatively just to get the attention he does not care. He wants attention. I observed this particular child from day to day and consulted some books and studies about this kind of behavior of a child and came up with a plan on how to decrease the negative-seeking behavior of this child. This plan would use the positive behavioral modification. The question however is, ‘Will positive behavioral modification decrease the amount of negative-seeking behavior of my 5th grade male student? ’ My plan of action was to employ a positive behavior modification wherein interventions would be done by using techniques such as counter-conditioning, reinforcement and shaping to modify one’s behavior. The first strategy that I employed is the ‘random positive attention’. In this kind of strategy, one must ignore the student’s attention-seeking behaviors while some positive attention would be given at the same time. Say for example if the child would make a noise, just try to look at him in the eye and smile at him. This way he would notice that he is being given the attention. Another strategy is to give positive attention and approval to their behavior when appropriate. This would help the child understand his behavior better (How to handle Attention, 2008). This could be helpful because the child would realize that he is appreciated. This may help lessen his attention seeking behavior because he may feel he is given due credit for. He is gaining the attention that he needs from the people that he wants it from. Say for example when the child perfects his score in his exam, the teacher praises him or if he fails the teacher gives him encouragement thus the child would feel that he has a worth in the class because the teacher noticed him. Another way to handle the attention seeking behavior is to appreciate his positive behaviors and do not give negative attention to his misbehavior (How to handle Attention, 2008). In this way the child may realize that he can only get the attention that he wants when he is doing well. In this way he might change his mind on misbehaving he would try to do positive things to get recognized rather than misbehave and get nothing. Say for example when a child makes noise that disturbs the class, the teacher would simply look at him and smile, that would let this child realize that he is recognized but this is just a temporary recognition and when the child keeps quiet the teacher should acknowledge this in front of the class that the child would feel that he is more appreciated when he is doing the things that are expected of him. Another way to handle the attention seeking child is to make him realize that there are other students who also need the teacher’s attention. He might then realize that he is getting the equal attention that the other children are getting. In this way he may learn to behave in an appropriate way. Say for example when this child sees that the teacher is giving enough attention to the well behaved student he may try to imitate that behavior thus decreasing his negative attention seeking behavior. Another way is to give due credits to the child when he is doing well in class. Give him praise in front of the class. This may make the child realize that he is getting the attention of the teacher when he is doing well in class thus this may make him more motivated in studying his lessons. Instead of investing his time bullying around, he may realize that he may take time on studying his lessons and participate in class. Say for example when the child delivered a good speech in class give him due credit by not just saying that it was wonderful but by further asking the child how he was able to come up with the good speech and that he has to keep it up. Other children may seek attention because they simply want to fell that they are also important. So another intervention would be letting them know that they are important but there are also other students who also need the attention of the teacher. In this way a child may realize that he is not the only student that needs the attention of the teacher. In this way a child may lessen his misbehaviors and learn to consider others. Give the child tasks that you are confident that he can accomplish. If he does, it would make him feel proud about himself and he may fell that the teacher trusts him and that he is important because he was given the task. Another intervention would be, ignore the negative behavior of the child when appropriate. Sometimes children have tantrums, whining, swearing and arguing, and these kinds of behaviors are not harmful to either the child or the other people concerned. This behavior may be ignored and the child may realize that he cannot get attention from this kind of an act thus resulting to the decrease of the negative seeking behavior of the child. A child when he doesn’t get the attention that he needs, he may think of other ways to get the attention from the person that he wants it from. The results were actually positive. I have discovered a lot of things in the case of this child. I learned that a child would really do whatever it takes just to get the attention that he wants. The child would not care if it’s positive or negative attention that he gets as long as he gets that attention then he is happy with it. He would do the same things over and over again if he does not get what he wanted thus we would be on a cycle and the child would not change. With the applied interventions the child’s attitude slowly changed for the better. He was starting to reflect on his actions because he does not misbehave frequently in class. He also became participative in the class. The child’s negative-seeking attention was not really changed but it was somehow slowly decreasing. Changes in attitudes are not that easy to achieve thus it needs patience to be able to achieve the outcome that we wanted. Changes in attitudes does not come overnight thus we need to give time for the child to improve. As the teacher of this child, I learned that my reprimand were not effective as we may got through the same cycle everyday. That if I always give an equal negative attention to the negative-seeking behavior of the child, I might just be tolerating the attitude that he is showing. I also learned that every child is unique. There may be a lot of interventions that are available however this may not be applicable to every child having this kind of problem. As a result of what I learned, I may not have reprimanded the child as I do everyday. The child may just like this kind of attention that he is getting from me but this would not help him change his behavior. The child may just do the same thing everyday. This study may help not just teachers but parents as well who have this kind of child. The children may just need something that they were not able to have either from their teachers or from their parents. A quantity time may not mean a quality time thus what we adults need to look into is the time that we spend with the children. Let us be sensitive to our children’s needs. If the child misbehaves, there might be a corresponding reason for that misbehavior and so we need to know that first before we decide what punishment to give because our reprimands may make the situation worse.

Common Bus System Simulation

Common Bus System Simulation In this project we are going to perform simulation on 16 bit common bus. To Understand what is common bus let us first discuss what is bus itself, A bus is set of parallel lines that information (data,addresses, instructions and other information)passes on internal architecture of a computer. Information travels on buses as a series of pulses , each pulse representing a one bit or a zero bit Buses are coming in various sizes such as 4 bits,8 bits,16 bits, 12 bits,24 bits,32 bits ,64 bits,80 bits,96 bits and 128 bits. From the size of bus we can determine that how many bit a bus will carry in parallel.The speed of the is how fast it moves data along the path. This is usually measured in MegaHertz(MHz) or millions of times or second. Data Carried by bus in a second is called as capacity of the bus.In buses there is concept of internal and external buses, Bus inside a processor is called is called as internal and outer to processor is called as external bus. A bus master is a combination if circuits , control microchips, and internal software that control the movement of information between major componenets inside the computer. A processor bus is a bus inside the processor. Some processor designs simplify the internal structure by having one or two processor buses. In a single processor bus system, all information is carried around inside the processor on one processor bus. In a dual processor bus system, there is a source bus dedicated to moving source data and a destination bus dedicated to moving results. An alternative approach is to have a lot of small buses that connect various units inside the processor. While this design is more complex, it also has the potential of being faster, especially if there are multiple units within the processor that can perform work simultaneously (a form of parallel processing). A system bus connects the main processor with its primary support components, in particular connecting the processor to its memory. Depending on the computer, a system bus may also have other major components connected. A data bus carries data. Most processors have internal data buses that carry information inside the processor and external data buses that carry information back and forth between the processor and memory. An address bus carries address information. In most processors, memory is connected to the processor with separate address and data buses. The processor places the requested address in memory on the address bus for memory or the memory controller (if there is more than one chip or bank of memory, there will be a memory controller that controls the banks of memory for the processor). If the processor is writing data to memory, then it will assert a write signal and place the data on the data bus for transfer to memory. If the processor is reading data from memory, then it will assert a read signal and wait for data from memory to arrive on the data bus. In some small processors the data bus and address bus will be combined into a single bus. This is called multiplexing. Special signals indicate whether the multiplexed bus is being used for data or address. This is at least twice as slow as separate buses, but greatly reduces the complexity and cost of support circuits, an important factor in the earliest days of computers, in the early days of microprocessors, and for small embedded processors (such as in a microwave oven, where speed is unimportant, but cost is a major factor). An instruction bus is a specialized data bus for fetching instructions from memory. The very first computers had separate storage areas for data and programs (instructions). John Von Neumann introduced the von Neumann architecture, which combined both data and instructions into a single memory, simplifying computer architecture. The difference between data and instructions was a matter of interpretation. In the 1970s, some processors implemented hardware systems for dynamically mapping which parts of memory were for code (instructions) and which parts were for data, along with hardware to insure that data was never interpretted as code and that code was never interpretted as data. This isolation of code and data helped prevent crashes or other problems from runaway code that started wiping out other programs by incorrectly writing data over code (either from the same program or worse from some other users software). In more recent innovation, super computers and other powerful proces sors added separate buses for fetching data and instructions. This speeds up the processor by allowing the processor to fetch the next instruction (or group of instructions) at the same time that it is reading or writing data from the current or preceding instruction. A memory bus is a bus that connects a processor to memory or connects a processor to a memory controller or connects a memory controller to a memory bank or memory chip. A cache bus is a bus that connects a processor to its internal (L1 or Level 1) or external (L2 or Level 2) memory cache or caches. An I/O bus (for input/output) is a bus that connects a processor to its support devices (such as internal hard drives, external media, expansion slots, or peripheral ports). Typically the connection is to controllers rather than directly to devices. A graphics bus is a bus that connects a processor to a graphics controller or graphics port. A local bus is a bus for items closely connected to the processor that can run at or near the same speed as the processor itself. ACCUMULATER : The accumulator processor register in the common bus system is processing unit that help to perform manipulations. It has two another register Called ADDER AND LOGIC UNIT E REGISTER ADDER AND LOGIC UNIT: It perform additions and other operation then store the value in the Accumulator. E REGISTER: It contains the carry of addition and other operation performed in the adder and logic unit. DATA REGISTER: When we fetched instruction from memory then it is neccesary to have data on which instruction is to be executed. Data register provide data to instruction to execute it. TEMPORARY REGISTER: When we are executing instruction then in the way of computing situation arrives when we need a register to save intermediate result. To save intermediate result we hace register called Temorary register that holds the data or result temporarly from which data will be fetched lator. INSTRUCTION REGISTER: It tells that which instruction will be ececuted ADDRESS REGISTER: AR contains the address of the oprends to execute instruction.For example AR(0-11) PROGRAM COUNTER; It is counter in a common bus that will tell that which instruction will be executed next .Hence it contains the address of next instruction it is implemented as PC >PC +1; INPUT REGISTER: It contains the data that will be inserted by user. OUTPUT REGISTER: It has data that can be use full to take output. WORKING OF PROJECT: This project contain one addition display of data which designed with help of graphics function.It is not relate to project at all. But it introduce you what is project. The main coding when you press any key from key board will appear. It demands from three control signal s0,s1,s2 these three bits aggregately defines the binary corresponding to which decimal number of the register activated which further give activated the its register and execute instruction In order to display the activated register i have used a pixel and circle that will fill the box.