Dreaming In The 1960s Essay examples -- essays research papers

In 1962, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. said his most famous words: "I have a dream." He was not the only one who felt this way. For many, the 1960s was a decade in which their dreams about America might be fulfilled. For Martin Luther King Jr., this was a dream of a truly equal America; for John F. Kennedy, it was a dream of a young vigorous nation that would put a man on the moon; and for the hippy movement, it was one of love, peace, and freedom. The 1960s was a tumultuous decade of social and political upheaval. We are still confronting many social issues that were addressed in the 1960s today. In spite of the turmoil, there were some positive results, such as the civil rights revolution. However, many outcomes were negative: student antiwar protest movements, political assassinations, and ghetto riots excited American people and resulted in a lack of respect for authority and the law. The first president during the 1960s was John F. Kennedy. He was young, appealing, and had a carefully crafted public image that barely won him the election. Because former President Eisenhower supported the Republican nominee, Richard Nixon, and because many had doubts about Kennedy's youth and Catholic religion, Kennedy only received three-tenths of one percent more of the popular vote than Nixon. The first thing Kennedy did during his brief presidency was to try to restore the nation's economy. Economic growth was slow in 1961 when Kennedy entered the White house. The President initiated a series of tariff negotiations to stimulate exports and proposed a federal tax cut to help the economy internally. John F. Kennedy was known as one of the few presidents in history who made his own personality a significant part of his presidency and a focus of national attention. Nothing illustrated this more clearly than the reaction to the tragedy of November 22, 1963. Kennedy was driving through the streets of Dallas. The streets were full of cheering people watching him drive by. The President was surrounded by loud motorcycles driven by the Secret Service. One onlooker, looking into a sixth floor window, noticed another man with a rifle. "Boy! ," he said. "You sure can't say the Secret Service isn't on the ball. Look at that guy up there in the window with a rifle" (Pett 12). That man with the rifle was not a member of the Secret Service. A fraction of... ...on. Another type of chemical, chemical pestisides, were also important in the 1960s. A book written by Rachel Carson described for the first time the dangers of using pesticides. Carson believed that the poisonous chemicals were taking a dreadful toll, and that the only way to fix the situation was to "let the balance of nature take care of the number of insects" (Carson 17). Another poisonous chemical was being used on humans. Mistakes made in the past caused a great deal of health problems to children around the world when it was discovered that using a tranquilizer called thalidomide caused severe birth defects. Babies were born with hands and feet like flippers, attached to the body with little or no arm or leg. Every compound drug containing the sedative was taken off the market. The 1960s began under the shadow of the Cold War and ended under the shado wo fthe Vietnam War. What happened inbetween was a series of dreams, failures, and realities that have made the sixties one of the most tumultuous decades in the history of the United States. From assassinations to Woodstock, the 1960s was an era of confusion in which every American tried to make his dream a reality.

The purpose and activities of each functional area and internal and external communications at coca cola

The main functional areas are Human Resources, Production, and Administration, Finance, Marketing, R&D. the main functional areas in the coca cola company are HR, Production and Administration. Human Resources The human resources department recruits the best people for the right jobs. For coca cola the human resources department looks for people who have skills and experience in driving Lorries. They should be honest and happy in what they do. They produce a frame work which helps them to identify the right person for the work. They check out the attendance, punctuality of the employees. They check whether the employees are paid on time and whether they are late. They first advertise internally for a job that needs to be replaced before advertising it externally. They make sure that an employee only works over one time once a week. There is a training manager in coca cola who trains employees from ages 16-65. They never stop training and they have to train themselves continuously. Production Production department helps improve the products. Managers help others in their work in the production department and they guide them through their jobs. They tell the employees in that department what to do and they produce new ideas and alternative to the company. Their main target is to only loose about à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½10000 a year of yield and à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½2000 a week. They also help to improve machines. They have a microbiologist in the coca cola company. He inspects the hygiene, in the production line and the raw material. He checks for contamination like moulds, bacteria and coli foam, he checks normal hygiene as well. Costic and parasitic acid removes the debris from inside the vessels and sterilizes it; he makes sure that this is still not in it while making the product. All areas are checked by a swab before production and the documents have to be checked by him. They have around 300 people working in the production department in coca cola and around 47,735 people working in McDonalds. Comparing this to coca cola there is a big difference. This shows that machines have taken over in coca cola but not in McDonalds. This also tells us that coca cola has grown and developed faster than the tertiary sector that is McDonalds. Coca cola make 24,000 drinks per hour. Administration In the administration department they have to do the filing and arrangements to see people. The PA Wendy Savides aim is to make sure that the boss knows where he is to be at a certain time. She also has to manage other people. She has a diary which contains the appointment for the boss and she helps him in any way, with meetings, charities, local donations. Marketing There are four basic aspects of marketing that is used in coca cola called the â€Å"four P's†: *Product: The item or service they sell. *Price: The amount they charge for their product or service. *Promote: The ways they inform the market as to who, what and where they are. *Provide: The channels you use to take the product to the customer. As you can see, marketing encompasses much more than just advertising or selling. For example, a major part of marketing involves researching your customers: What do they want? What can they afford? What do they think? Your understanding and application of the answers to such questions play a major role in the success or failure of your business. Advertising is a good way to inform people what is available to buy and if there where no adverts we wouldn't know what to buy or we would end up buying the same products and not trying anything different. But on the other hand adverts can encourage us to buy things that we don't need because they make the product look or sound really good and a lot of the time the product isn't as good as advertisements make them out to be. Coca cola spent around 569 million into ads in 2002. This shows that they have put a lot of time, money and ideas into the advertisements and they have made their money by the number of drinks they have sold. Coca cola's target audience varies with the different drinks. Fanta is aimed for women and teenagers. Coca-cola classic is aimed for all ages. Diet cola is aimed mostly for women from ages 25-35. This is quite alike with McDonalds because only a certain age people buy a product like women buy salads and a chicken sandwich. Finance HR is the most important functional area to the workers but to the boss its finance. This area controls all money in the business, and they are responsible for all money that goes in and out the business. Every so often the gives the other departments some money and they must stick to that. If they break their budget they must explain why. All money, which is spent, must first go through finance and only a senior worker can give consent for it. They are also responsible for paying every one in the company. They must give as report every week of how their cash flow is going, they must be precise to the last digit or they will be in big trouble. They must also prepare cash flow forecasts and break even charts; these must be shown at each company meeting. If all of these things aren't done correctly then the company could go bankrupt or the financial manager may get done for fraud. This section is very important and is vital for the businesses success. Marketing helps them in the aim of having bottled water. They can advertise their product and help them find out what people really want from their money. HR can help find experienced people for the different work, which will help them achieve improving working relationship. Finance helps them to see how much money they have and how much they need to buy things. Administration helps them to control the communication between the functions. They deal with internal and external communications. It facilitates the successful production of products and efficiency in the business. Production is the heart of the business as it creates profit and is the reason the business is running. This helps them achieve most of their aims like major rise in profit. The human resources department needs to communicate with production manager for several reasons. I asked Andrea Reeves the HR manager and she said, ‘we communicate well to know the attendance, punctuality of the employees so that we can see which workers are good for promotions and stuff like that.' She said that ‘we have to even communicate to the finance department to see that the employees are paid. We do this by Email internally, presentation.' PA needs to communicate with production manager to see whether they are producing enough bottles per hour and if they are going according the plan. They would want to check if they are being environmentally friendly. They communicate by phone or e-mail internally. The production manager would communicate with the microbiologist to see if there are any bacteria or whether they should start producing the drinks. They would want to know the status of the machines and whether they need to through out any drinks that are if the bacteria was in the machines while the drinks were made. This would contaminate the drinks. They communicate face to face or by phone internally. The marketing manager needs to communicate with the finance department to see how much money they have to invest in a making of a product. They communicate by the phone and by fax. The functional areas of coca cola are strong and secure; they help coca cola achieve their aims. They need to communicate with each other for several reasons, whether it's important or just a question about lateness. The advantages of talking, intranet and meetings are that it is efficient and quicker. Using e-mails and phone record involves ICT which can make things complicated and can take time. The business communicates to customers through the website mainly and sometimes through news articles. They sell their products through promotions their latest one is the free music download. If there is a problem then the customers call the customer line. They can complain to the services about the product which then goes to the coca cola administration department. Coca cola is responsible for the product till it reaches the hands of the customer. To do this the company needs to keep in contact with the store or market. They also need to contact about the times they need to deliver new drinks and where the drinks should be kept as well. The company gets their yield ready made so they don't know what it is made of but they put down some basic ingredients like caffeine.

Describe Dispositional and Situational Factors in Explaining Behavior Essay

Describe the role of situational and dispositional factors in explaining behavior Both situation and dispositional factors play a significant role in people explaining behavior. (in that they guide the judgment on both our actions and people’s actions. ) Attribution theory, known as how people interpret and explain behavior in the social world, is closely related to these two factors. People tend to attribute behavior depending on their roles as actors or observers, known as the actor-observer effect. Milgram’s study (1963) investigated the role of situation and dispositional factors in participants explaining their own behavior. Nine out of twelve participants completed the task under the researcher’s authoritative guidance. The participants considered the task unethical so they attributed their negative behavior to the researcher’s guidance instead of the dispositional factor, such as their personality. When people explain their own behavior, they tend to attribute it to situation factors such as the interference from the authority. Zimbardo et al (1973) conducted an experiment in Stanford’s prison to investigate the role of actor-observer effect. Participants were assigned with either the role of prisoners or the role of guards. In the experiment, both the guards and prisoners were very dedicated into their acting roles. Most of the prisoners obeyed the guards because the guards imposed violent behavior to the prisoners. It is found that the prisoners believed and attributed the guard’s violent behavior to the guard’s dispositional factor. When people observe other’s behavior, they usually attribute it to dispositional factor such as personality. Therefore, with the knowledge of the prison as a simulation, the prisoners still obeyed the guards like they were real guards who always acted violently. People usually attribute their behavior to situational factors when they perform the behavior. Whereas, people attribute others’ behavior to dispositional factor when they are the observers.

Does Meditation Affect General Happiness essays

Does Meditation Affect General Happiness essays The last decade has witnessed an enormous increase in research examining the effects of mindfulness meditation. One of the basic assumptions guiding this research is that meditation ultimately makes people happier (Choi, Karremans, Barendregt. 2012). According to Barongan, findings support that the brain changes through meditative practices. He states how there are changes in the brain that lead to greater self-acceptance, which creates a larger capacity of empathy for others (Barongan. 2007). Interventions that used meditation to reduce the psychiatric symptoms within patients have become more and more common (e.g., Diodonna 2009), and research has demonstrated the effectiveness of this treatment in a wide range of conditions (Hoffman et al. 2010). In Canada, Mood and anxiety disorders are the highest psychiatric disorders treated. Psychotherapies specific to anxiety and depressive disorders have made a positive change in the world we live in today. Unfortunately once patients have decreased their depressive and anxiety symptoms, they do not always feel an increase their general happiness. In 1998 there was a new branch of psychology that was introduced to the world by Martin Seligman and Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. This recent branch was introduced as Positive Psychology. This field was intended to complement, not to replace the traditional practices of psychology. Positive psychologists seek to make normal life more fulfilling. Positive Psychology focuses on the good in life, not the bad and does not just simply treat mental illnesses. The purpose of this study is to find out if meditation will increase individuals general happiness. This study looks at the effects of meditation and how meditation can contribute to positive psychology while increasing patients general happiness. Although most studies have looked solemnly at the reduction of depressive and anxiety symptoms in patients, this study is relevant to previ...

How To Use Angular Quotation Marks in Spanish

How To Use Angular Quotation Marks in Spanish Spanish sometimes uses angular quotation marks ( « and  ») - often known as chevrons or guillemets or comillas franceses  and comillas angulares in Spanish - interchangeably with and in the same way as regular double quotation marks. In general, they are used much more in Spain than in Latin America, possibly because guillemets are commonly used in various non-English European languages such as ​​French. In all Spanish, however, quote marks of either the angular or regular variety are used much as they are in English, most often to quote from someones speech or writing or to call attention to words that are given a special or ironic use. The Difference in Punctuation The main difference between Spanish usage and that of American English is that added commas and periods in Spanish go outside the quotation marks, while in American English they go inside the quotation marks. A pair of examples shows how these marks are used: Ninguna mente extraordinaria est exenta de un toque de demencia, dijo Aristà ³teles. /  «Ninguna mente extraordinaria est exenta de un toque de demencia », dijo Aristà ³teles.No extraordinary mind is free of a touch of insanity, Aristotle said.Tengo una hija. Tiene cuatro patas y maulla. / Tengo una  «hija ». Tiene cuatro patas y maulla.I have one daughter. She has four legs and meows. If you have a quotation within the words that are enclosed by angular quote marks, use the standard double quotation marks:  «Ãƒâ€°l me dijo, Estoy muy feliz ». He told me, I am very happy. Long (Em) Dashes and Paragraph Spacing Keep in mind that it is common when printing dialogue in Spanish to dispense with quote marks entirely and use a long dash (- ), sometimes known as an em dash or raya in Spanish, to indicate the beginning and end of the quotation or a change in speaker. It isnt necessary - although its often done - to start a new paragraph for a change of speaker, as is usually done in English. No dash is needed at the end of a quotation if it is at the end of a paragraph. Different usages are illustrated in the following three example pairs: -  ¡Cuidado!- grità ³.Careful! he shouted.-  ¿Cà ³mo ests? - Muy bien, gracias.How are you?Excellent, thank you.- Si quieres tener amigos- me decà ­a mi madre- , sà © un amigo.If you want to have friends, my mother told me, be a friend. In each of these cases, Spanish grammar dictates that the punctuation still belongs outside of the quotation signifier, except in the case that the sentence begins with a punctuation mark such as  ¡Cuidado! or  ¿Cà ³mo ests?.

Motivation of Employees in the Real Estate Industry Research Paper

Motivation of Employees in the Real Estate Industry - Research Paper Example Alderfer’s ERG theory eradicates the limitations imposed by the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory to some extent. Unlike Maslow, Alderfer has identified three types of needs. E stands for existence, R stands for relatedness, while G stands for growth. There are quite a lot of similarities along with some differences between the Alderfer’s ERG theory and the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory. Although the number of needs differs between the Alderfer’s ERG theory and the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory, yet there is a correspondence between them. The existence needs in the Alderfer’s ERG theory correspond to the physiological and safety needs of the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory. The relatedness needs correspond to the love and belongingness, and self-esteem needs whereas the growth needs represent the need for self-actualization. In this sense, Alderfer has confined Maslow’s needs to the ERG needs. Like the Maslo w’s hierarchy of needs theory, the Alderfer’s ERG theory is also hierarchical; the most important is the existence need, followed by the related needs and finally the growth needs. There are three fundamental ways in which the two theories differ (NetMBA, 2010). Firstly, Maslow’s theory suggests that different needs’ levels cannot be satisfied simultaneously whereas Alderfer’s ERG theory suggests that they can. Secondly, Maslow has standardized the hierarchical order of the needs for all people whereas Alderfer asserts that the order of needs can vary from one case to another.

FAMILY VIOLENCE AND ABUSE Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

FAMILY VIOLENCE AND ABUSE - Research Paper Example air and just trial which constitute of their rights as individual this helps to reduce the back log of cases in the judicial and criminal courts (Lloyd 2001). Violence against Women Act (VAMA) confirms domestic violence as a National crime and federal laws should be incorporated to help deal with domestic violence with reference to overburden State and criminal justice system. Domestic violence victims usually report the incidence late and the process become difficult as decision is made by the investigating officer who charges the accused based on the evidenced brought forward, this tend to make the issue of urgency be reduced as the evidence are already been tampered with or done away with (Lloyd 2001). The gun control act states a federal crime convicted felon for a domestic violence to own a gun or ammunition this is a good option because the felon could act in the same manner and hurt an innocent partner for sending him or her to jail also the state should continue with the system of felons reporting to a parole officer and attending anger management activities so that the felons can be assimilated back to the community without any fear of domestic violence and abuse (Wallace 1996). The issue of past lover stalking a partner from state to state with intent to cause misery to the partner or physical arm is also well tackled under the VAMA as it states it’s a criminal and federal offence (Chancer 2004). Many lovers have fall victim to this vice as past lover stalk them wherever they go and cause a lot of chaos in their life this bill is effective and keeps all stalkers at bay from their former lovers due to clear and well represented facts judgment can be taken to those who stalk former or current intimate lovers with the intent of harming them, blaming them on fail relationship. The bill of human right which equally represent the accused and the accuser of the domestic violence both have the right to be heard by the justice system which passes judgment